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Multiplier and productivity aspects of public works programmes: lessons from the education sector

Joshua Budlender (SALDRU, UCT) presented on the Basic Education Employment Initiative (BEEI), South Africa’s largest youth employment programme. As a case study, this presentation examines the wider “multiplier” effects of public employment and the productivity gains from teaching assistants. Drawing on a randomised trial in Limpopo schools and related research, Budlender shows how public-employment wages recirculate through the economy and improve learning outcomes and argues for shifting the BEEI from a time-bound emergency measure to a standing national programme with a predictable budget.

Presented at the 2026 Public Economics Conference.